Thursday, July 14, 2011

Ma is Taiwanese Again

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Took the train back from Tainan today. Great cloudy blue skies, and clean windows.

It is election time in Taiwan, so Ma Ying-jeou is going to temporarily become Taiwanese. Sure enough, President Ma responded to DPP Presidential Candidate Tsai Ing-wen's declaration of Taiwaneseness with a forthright one of his own, as a Taipei Times editorial noted today:
The Ma camp accused Tsai of manipulating populist politics with the aim of stirring up ethnic division. However, it appears that calling oneself Taiwanese is acceptable if Ma is the one doing the talking.

“I am a descendant of the Yellow Emperor in blood and I identify with Taiwan in terms of my identity. I fight for Taiwan and I am Taiwanese,” Ma wrote on his Facebook page on Tuesday. “In nationality, I am a Republic of China [ROC] citizen and I am the president of the ROC.”

......

In case Ma didn’t know, the public has noticed that whenever he starts venting hot air about being Taiwanese, it means campaign season has arrived.
My friend Thomas has already blogged on some of the pan-Blue political infighting going on over Taiwaneseness. This "being Taiwanese" declaration of Ma's is fascinating for what it reveals.

Ma is a descendent of the Yellow Emperor "in blood." In 2008 Ma was not nearly so open about his identification with China, but here he says it out loud, dragging in the racialist code for Chinese identity that is essentially a declaration of Han chauvinism. His declaration thus pits "blood" against the mere "identity" of being Taiwanese. Ma's particular program has been to treat "Taiwaneseness" as a subclass of Chineseness -- to subsume it into the Greater Han identity even while paying lip service to its uniqueness. For example, in an interview a while back:
President Ma: The idea behind the Taiwan Academies is to showcase some of Taiwan's cultural achievements over the past 60 years. I have often said that Taiwan culture is a kind of Chinese culture with Taiwanese characteristics. Its roots may have come from mainland China, but it has merged with other cultures here in Taiwan and has developed new features. This is what we wish to convey in the Taiwan Academies.
Ma sees himself as a defender of Chinese culture which is a great treasure to be handed down to subsequent generations, and Taiwan as a great bastion of Chinese culture as opposed to China, where Communism has permanently polluted it -- rhetoric out of the 1950s -- 1970s.

The Richburg interview shows this tendency toward Ma to subsume Taiwan into China again further down:
Q17. Washington Post: I understand promoting Taiwanese culture separate of mainland China is important for you, Mr. President.

President Ma: In fact, Chinese culture is consistent, including Confucianism as I have just mentioned, but actual practice is the important thing. Over the past decade or so, Confucianism has received great attention on the mainland. This is surprising, but also comforting for us to see. Many people, from students to entrepreneurs, are hiring private teachers to instruct them in Confucian philosophy. In Taiwan, however, Confucian philosophy has been taught in schools for the past six decades, and every student has studied it. If mainland China can move in this direction, I believe it will be the right direction and can promote closer cross-strait relations.
Note how Richburg invites Ma to emphasize the uniqueness of Taiwanese culture and Ma declines and responds by emphasizing that Chinese culture is consistent. He then offers -- clearly to illustrate the idea of "Chinese" culture -- a movement toward Confucianism in China while links to Confucian studies in Taiwan, which as I understand are widely detested by local students.

Thus, Ma's declaration of "Taiwaneseness" fronted with the reference to blood ties to the Yellow Emperor is just another display of his consistent downgrading of Taiwan culture. He is probably signaling to his allies in Beijing as well.

Finally, it should be noted that Ma's racialist conception of identity-via-descent is directly contradicted by the DPP view that being Taiwanese is an identity open to anyone who loves the island and that citizenship is not based on blood but on participation as a citizen in the democratic community of Taiwan. Hopefully the DPP will emphasize the themes of openness, democracy, citizenship, and Taiwan identity as one in response to Ma's 19th century Volkish view of his own identity.
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Tuesday, July 12, 2011

Report Says Biden to Tell Beijing it has veto over US foreign policy


The Taipei Times passes along a report that the Obama Administration has given Beijing a veto over US foreign policy:
US Vice President Joe Biden, who is expected to embark on a state visit to China in the middle of next month, will provide assurances to Beijing that the US has no plans to sell Taiwan the F-16C/D aircraft it is seeking, reports said yesterday.

During his visit, Biden will explain why the US President Barack Obama’s administration, facing pressure from US Congress and required to meet its obligations under the Taiwan Relations Act, would agree to upgrade Taiwan’s fleet of 144 F-16A/B aircraft, the Chinese-language news service DW News (多維新聞) reported, citing an unnamed “senior US official.”

However, Biden will reportedly tell his Chinese hosts that Washington has no plans to sell to Taiwan the 66 more advanced F-16C/D it has been seeking since 2006, the report said.

An official announcement on Washington’s decision not to release the F-16C/Ds and to proceed on the upgrade plan will be made in September, it said.
You can hope that this report is false, but knowledgeable individuals have said all along that no F-16s were coming to Taiwan. Whether or not it will send Biden to Beijing to kowtow to the Chinese, the Obama Administration has apparently decided to forego the sale of F-16s to Taiwan, following the Bush Administration in this regard. Yay for foreign policy continuity!

One  has to wonder what this means for the Administration's relations with a DPP government in Taipei. If Beijing decides to demonize Tsai as it demonized Chen Shui-bian, will the Obama Administration, which has simply followed Bush in so many areas, foreign and domestic, serve Beijing as the Bush Administration did? Scary.

On a complementary aspect of Taiwan's defense, David Axe in The Diplomat argues that Taiwan needs submarines -- it is actually a long argument against acquiring the fighter aircraft, and ends:
The best weapons for delaying a Chinese attack are ones that can’t be targeted by ballistic missiles – and that could confront a Chinese invasion fleet far from Taiwan's shores. That means submarines.


Today, the Taiwanese navy operates just two combat-ready submarines, bought from the Dutch during a rare period when European nations were willing to risk angering Beijing by selling weapons to Taipei. In 2001, Washington approved the sale of eight new diesel-powered subs to Taiwan, but no US shipyards currently build such boats. Ten years later, the deal is still pending.
Submarines are nifty -- if one has a long naval tradition of operating submarines and bases that are immune to Chinese attack. Taiwan has neither. Not only will subs not arrive for many years, but their bases will still be as vulnerable to assault as the F-16 fields.

The attack helicopters that Taiwan is acquiring have air-to-land missiles that can inflict serious harm on an invasion force but it remains to be seen whether Taiwan has the command and communications ability to construct mobile bases and coordinate a defense, especially since they won't have air cover since the US would rather serve Beijing than defend Taiwan. Disgusting.

Clock ticking now on next request Washington will have to fulfill that will make Beijing happy..... because Washington is going to find out that feeding the monster only makes it bigger.
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Monday, July 11, 2011

Daily Links, July 11, 2011

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A cluster of beetles gets out of the rain among the leaves of my neighbor's gourd plants.

Lotsa good stuff out there today.

SPECIAL: Don't miss Charles Snyder's excellent piece on the KMT's dark history.

BLOGS:
MEDIA:
  • A Philippines perspective on the Spratly/Paracel case. China to commence drilling soon....
  • Peter Lee with another one of his uniformly good pieces, this one on the F-16 pavane in which Ma pretends he wants F-16s and the Obama Administration pretends to think about his request.
  • Steven Walt citing a paper on Great Power Retrenchment:
    Faced with diminishing resources, great powers moderate their foreign policy ambitions and offer concessions in areas of lesser strategic value. Contrary to the pessimistic conclusions of critics, retrenchment neither requires aggression nor invites predation. Great powers are able to rebalance their commitments through compromise, rather than conflict. In these ways, states respond to penury the same way they do to plenty: they seek to adopt policies that maximize security given available means. Far from being a hazardous policy, retrenchment can be successful. States that retrench often regain their position in the hierarchy of great powers. Of the fifteen great powers that adopted retrenchment in response to acute relative decline, 40 percent managed to recover their ordinal rank. In contrast, none of the declining powers that failed to retrench recovered their relative position.
    It is not too late for the US to reimagine a future that is oriented on 21st century East Asia and future technology rather than on the 20th century Middle East and fossil fuels. Our leaders appear to lack that kind of imagination, however.
  • US, Japan, Australia conduct first joint exercise in South China Sea.
  • Jens Kastner on the Free Independent Tourists from China, with quotes from John Copper about how horrible the FITs are going to be for the DPP. Dream on, John. 
  • China's Fifth Generation leaders and their future Taiwan policy.
  • TVBS poll has Ma ahead of Tsai 44-36. Good luck figuring out what that means.
  • Taiwan divorce rates falling.
  • Taiwan textile makers move up the value chain.
  • Trade data show China economy is slowing.
  • Lai of MAC: One China = ROC, 1992 consensus rulz.
  • Malaysian students rally in Taiwan for democracy in their home country.
  • Night market hero debuts in China.
  • Job outlook for grads improving.
  • Chinese gov't paper calls for deployment of aircraft carrier to Senkakus, stern posture on Chinese expansion into the islands.
EVENTS and ANNOUNCEMENTS:
  • 2011 Taiwan Oolong Study Tour Oct 16-23.
  • John and Fish, two of Taiwan's best bird photographers, are having a solo exhibition in Tainan this month to July 30, 2011. Ephemeral vs. Eternal John and Fish Digital Art Artyart Gallery 亞帝畫廊 No.99-8, Nan men RD, Tainan City, Taiwan 台南市南門路99-8號 Here's an example of their awesome, enjoyable work.
  • Backseat seatbelt law takes effect next month. I remember when we bought our van rear seatbelts were extra and the salespeople laughed at us for buying them. 
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Sunday, July 10, 2011

Taichung's Hoppin' 一中街/Yi Zhong Street

Summertime: time to visit Taichung's hopping Yizhong Street, where young people go to see and be seen.

On Friday night in the early evening the crowds are just starting to appear.

Eateries and drink stands are packed.

Marketers take advantage of the constantly roiling crowds.

Yizhong Street is a favorite of young women shopping for something popular and affordable.

It's also great for snacking.

I stopped at a popular drink shop to grab some tea.

A couple inspects a restaurant menu.

The area on either side of Yizhong Street is lined with boutiques and shops.

...for girls of all ages.

As you can clearly see, I was the model for these mannikins.

As evening goes on, crowds pile in.

A vendor assembles a snack.

"We who are about to fry, salute you!"

Consumer items of every type and description.

On Yizhong Street, all the sales girls are beautiful.

Meanwhile, brigades of workers take care of traffic and garbage...hard work.

The city has helpfully set these out labeled for recycling and not.

Not everyone on Yizhong Street is a wannabehip youngster. Here a maid has brought her charge for a rest and a walk.

A worker takes a break.

Communication: the soul of relationships.

In an alley crammed with little clothing shops, two females debate the merits of a piece of clothing.

Getting ready for the rush.

Dunno what these were, but the presentation is excellent.

The bicycle: a hip consumer item.

With so many choices, no wonder shopping takes hours.

Navigating the pack.

There's a backpacker's place right on Yizhong for $350.

Discussing the evening's take.

Shoppers rest their feet.

Street vendors proffer bargains.

Traditional staples are available as well.

Placidly amid the noise and haste: it's still Taiwan where the old men play chess.

After everyone goes home: who is going to clean up the mess?
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Election Round-up =UPDATED=

The President and Veep candidate Premier Wu have been flogging the KMT brand in the south. With the North locked down and the center evenly split, the south may turn out to be crucial to KMT hopes.
King Pu-tsung (金溥聰), executive director of Ma’s campaign office, said that support in the south would be crucial for the KMT in the presidential election because political support bases in northern and central Taiwan were more consolidated.

The campaign office will arrange frequent trips to southern Taiwan for Ma and Wu, he said.
People often describe the South as "green" but it is more like a checkerboard, with different levels of greenness for different elections. Even though Ma is unlikely to do well in an area of the nation the KMT has ruthlessly exploited for 60 years, by campaigning he increases the chances of KMT legislators to get elected down south (remember, the legislature and President will be elected the same day this time).

Ma's campaign in Nantou emphasized the benefits of tourism from the PRC (which fell 30% last month); Sun Moon Lake in that county being a PRC tourist favorite. Ma's campaign could hardly emphasize anything else; Nantou remains relatively impoverished and undeveloped after many years of KMT rule. This has not stopped the locals from voting like automatons for the KMT. *sigh* It should also be a warning to the locals about what happens when a region relies heavily on tourism.....

Ma also requested that fewer Chinese officials show up during election season (apparently). They are a reminder of what Ma is really working toward....

Premier Wu appears to be the designated attack dog in the campaign to leverage the corruption indictment of former President Lee Teng-hui against DPP candidate Tsai Ing-wen -- the classic mode in which the Great Man (Ma) utters paternalistic benevolences and regretful sighs while the vicious attacks that are actual policy are carried out by underlings. Wu said this week:
“Black gold politics ran wild during Lee Teng-hui's 13-year presidential stint. Who was encouraging all that?” Wu claimed during a TV interview, apparently blaming the former president for Taiwan's widespread corruption.
This campaign against Lee, who possesses the towering rep that Chen Shui-bian never had, stands a good chance of backfiring. It also absorbs time and energy that the KMT could put to better effect attacking Tsai directly. Raising the issue of black gold politics will not reflect well on the KMT.

The KMT has been bickering with its pan-Blue partner, the People's First Party (PFP), headed by James Soong. Soong has been making noises about running as a third candidate in the election, while several recent news stories have pointed to problems between the two pro-China parties. For example:
According to PFP sources, while the KMT said it wanted to cooperate with the PFP in the elections, it was telling potential PFP legislator hopefuls to “look at the big picture” and to back out from the elections.

For example, the sources said, Taipei City Councilor Huang Shan-shan (黃珊珊) of the PFP, who was planning to run in the legislative elections in the Nangang (南港) Neihu (內湖) constituency, has been pressured by the KMT to back out of the campaign.

Sources from the PFP said the party would announce its list of nominees for legislators as early as next week, adding that as well as about 10 nominees for Taiwan proper, the PFP would also nominate candidates for Taiwan’s -outlying islands.

The move by the PFP, which split from the KMT in 2000 under the leadership of Soong — a former KMT secretary-general — was largely interpreted as a sign of disunity in the KMT-dominated pan-blue camp, signaling that Soong and his tiny party would go their own way in the elections.
In the last legislative election the KMT was able to recoup most of the votes it had lost to the PFP and to bring back many PFP legislators to the KMT. The PFP was badly wounded and remains a small party. Even worse, Soong himself ran for Taipei mayor and was a non-factor in the race. He is old and unlikely to draw votes, and the reservoir of goodwill he built up as "provincial governor" during the 1990s, where he acquired a rep for being a trains-run-on-time kind of politician, has pretty much dried up. It is more likely that the hints and noises by Soong are simply to acquire leverage for some other deal.

In 2008 former President Lee Teng-hui was a non-factor, withholding his endorsement of the pro-Taiwan candidate until the waning days of the election. This time around Lee is out front and center, saying that the nation has made no progress and the President needs to be changed....
〔記者林恕暉、王寓中/台北報導〕李登輝前總統昨天痛批馬政府執政,國家都沒進步,每件事都叫中國幫忙,以為中國世界最強,「應該換總統!」他並強調,執政當局一連串傾中賣台、淪喪主權、踐踏民主與人權,使台灣民主出現倒退危機,他呼籲大家「棄馬保台」,選出能堅持台灣主體性的國會議員與總統。     
Lee accused the Administration of relying on China to solve every problem, and called on voters to "Dump Ma, Save Taiwan". This is a bit of political wordplay ju-jitsu. Recall in the 1998 Taipei mayor election and a couple of other elections when the KMT was split, the slogan was "Dump [the candidate that can't win], Save [the candidate that has the best chance]." Now Lee is using that against the KMT.

Also, I've totally deleted a section of this post to rewrite it like this. Tsai's position -- and that of the DPP -- is that anyone who lives in Taiwan and identifies with Taiwan is a qualified Taiwanese. Her position on citizenship is one of civic nationality, not ethnic nationality. The KMT is going to distort this as "ethnic nationalism" in order to attack the DPP. Tsai needs to make this message really clear, and those of us who support her need to fight back against the smear that Tsai supports ethnic nationalism.
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Daily Links:
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Friday, July 08, 2011

Exports fall, presaging slower second half

A beautiful bride-to-be being done up for the traditional wedding photographs.

The Taipei Times reported:
The nation’s exports fell 9.7 percent from a month earlier to US$27.88 billion last month because of weaker seasonal demand for Taiwanese electronics and the shutdown of several plants at the sixth naphtha cracker complex, the Ministry of Finance said yesterday.

However, exports still grew 10.8 percent last month from a year earlier, with exports surging 16.9 percent year-on-year to US$154.14 billion in the first six months, the strongest level ever, the ministry’s data showed.
Exports fell from May to June this year, 9.7%. Compared to last June they are still up 10.8%. The report noted that imports also reached all-time highs, causing a fall in the trade surplus, but much of the rising tide of imports consisted of capital imports, implying that makers are purchasing machinery to make more stuff. Yay!

The Taipei Times article noted differing views -- the second half of the year could be good if Japanese reconstruction starts, China maintains, and the US grows. However, the US economy doesn't seem to be headed for spectacular growth, as its leaders would rather burn the Middle East than make America grow. The Financial Times column Beyond Brics put Taiwan's export decline in a global context:
Solid evidence in Taiwan’s latest export numbers of a worrying slow down in world trade.

Economists warned earlier that Taiwan’s strong export growth couldn’t continue forever, and that the second half of the year was likely to present a much tougher environment than the first.

And on Thursday they were proved right, with Taiwan’s June export numbers showing exports falling 10 per cent compared to May, and up just 10 per cent compared to June 2010.

Exports traditionally fall from May to June, but some economists were still caught off guard – The median growth rate forecasted by eight economists surveyed by Dow Jones was 19.6 per cent.
The slowdown is a repercussion of a global slowdown -- China's numbers are expected to show a slowing economy as well. FT pointed out that Taiwan's machinery exports fell 13.3%, implying that the tightening of credit in China is hitting purchases of production machinery from Taiwan.

How will this affect the election? I expect a second-half slow down will have very little effect, for two reasons. First, the pro-KMT media was able to create the feeling of economic slump among voters despite economic growth above 4.5% for the period 2006-2008 during the run-up to the election. Hence, I expect that the pro-Blue media will be able to blunt the effect of economic slowdown, unless it is truly awful. Don't forget that the foreign media is Taipei-centric and frequently recirculates KMT talking points as if they were serious analysis, validating the local media. Second, voters in the local election choose on purely local issues such as development projects and clan and patronage networks, while at the national level core voting groups are probably already set. Only the ten percent swing vote remains to be captured, and this educated group will not be much influenced by transient economic changes.
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Thursday, July 07, 2011

Expropriating here with the left hand, leasing there with the right

Farmers protested this week that the government has been ruthlessly carrying out land expropriations....
“The past decade has seen tens of thousands of good farms taken over [for development projects], and farmlands continue to disappear,” alliance president Liu Ching-chang (劉慶昌) told a news conference in Taipei. “I wonder if our children and grandchildren would simply stop eating rice.”

Liu is a farmer from Erchongpu (二重埔) in Jhudong Township (竹東), Hsinchu County, whose farmland is also facing expropriation as the government moves to expand Hsinchu Science Park.

Liu said that government officials — including President Ma Ying-jeou (馬英九), Premier Wu Den-yih (吳敦義) and Minister of the Interior Jiang Yi-huah (江宜樺) —had promised farmers last year to revise the Land Expropriation Act (土地徵收條例), but “expropriation has continued everywhere.”

“If the government is sincere about its promise, it should halt all ongoing expropriations until the law is amended,” Liu said.
With a big harvest this year that was rapidly collected, grain prices plummeted, and government price supports appear to have benefited grain merchants rather than farmers, according to the farmers.

The irony of these land grabs is that even as Taiwan plows under good land for factories, it is mulling joining the new trend of leasing land in the developing world to secure its food supply. Expropriate land here in Taiwan while leasing it overseas! Taiwan is heavily dependent on food imports and food security is a key if underappreciated issue here. The potentially lucrative market for biofuels is also driving land acquisition by Taiwan investors overseas. Taiwan also has much land that lies fallow, even as it develops slopeland, due its complicated and contradictory policies. I noted in a post earlier this year:
In Taiwan the government runs a set-aside program for farmland under which large quantities of farmland lie fallow. In some years the amount set aside exceeds the amount planted in rice (!). This program has come under much criticism, since sometimes farmland becomes unusable after being set aside and land lying uncared for invites pests that affect nearby farms. This results in abandoned land, 50,000 hectares by one 2004 estimate. When land leaves the market, it drives up the price of remaining land, pushing up rents -- and many farmers are renters, not owners. Further, for many observers it makes little sense to set aside good farmland in the lowlands while permitting farming on slopes. The set aside program is also driven by shortages of water, diverted for industrial and residential needs. Everything is exacerbated by the lack of government oversight and monitoring, a persistent problem in all areas of government policy in Taiwan.
It seems that Taiwan could really do itself a favor by implementing a well thought out and comprehensive land regime. But then big developers couldn't make money getting free land from farmers and the state for private exploitation......
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Don't miss the comments below! And check out my blog and its sidebars for events, links to previous posts and picture posts, and scores of links to other Taiwan blogs and forums! Delenda est, baby.

Taiwan, Statehood, International Organizations

Saw this heavily armed and brightly painted fellow on 130 in Miaoli yesterday.

I was going to respond to John Copper's latest outburst in the Taipei Times with its bizarre opening sentence: "Liberals don’t like Asians." but the more I read it, the more distressed I got. It was not so bad it was stupid; it was so bad it was painful. How could anyone intelligent publish a piece that stupid? But having done that very thing myself before, I ended up feeling sorry for him rather than angered.

Far different is this piece by Jacques deLisle on Taiwan, statehood, and participation in international organizations. Most of it is quite good. I just want to comment a bit on this part:
There is the strong assertion, prevalent among some Taiwan independence supporters, that China may never have held sovereignty over Taiwan. The exercise of the powers of rule, according to this view, was very thin through the late nineteenth century—perhaps so thin that China never established sovereignty or, at least, that its weak and perhaps merely inchoate claim could be relatively easily extinguished. Assuming Taiwan initially was under Chinese sovereignty, a common view is that it left, coming under the sovereignty of the Japanese Empire with the Treaty of Shimonoseki that ended the war between China and Japan near the close of the nineteenth century. Following the period of Japanese rule, Taiwan was only very briefly and controversially (in light of the repression of a nascent independence movement) ruled by a central Chinese government from 1945 (when the Japanese forces on the island surrendered) to 1949 (when the ROC government lost the Civil War on the Mainland and decamped to Taiwan). According to this line of analysis, there has been no need for Taiwan to secede or otherwise take action to separate from a larger China in the years since.
Lots of TIers hold the view that "China" never had sovereignty over Taiwan, not merely because Qing sovereignty over Taiwan was weak but because the Qing were Manchus who were non-Chinese, foreign rulers who incorporated Taiwan into an empire which included China. Thus, arguing that Taiwan should be part of China because it was partly owned by the Qing is like arguing that Kenya is part of India because both were part of the British empire. No Han emperor ever owned Taiwan, and for all of Chinese history down to the late 1930s, Taiwan was considered to lie outside China.

deLisle's position also risks legitimating Chinese control over Qing holdings, something which should be fiercely resisted since it is a direct source of legitimacy for the current phase of Chinese expansionism. Beijing no more owns Qing colonies than Ankara should control Jordan and Bulgaria because they were part of the Ottoman Empire.

Another argument I've often heard and read: the Qing never controlled the whole island. Until the 1870s the Manchus denied that they had control of the "savage" mountain areas and resistance to Qing rule in those areas, as well as the constant flow of revolts among the local "Han" population, meant that they never owned it.

The piece gets stronger as it explores the consequences for international participation for Taiwan:
The second aspect of the question of what “type” of international organization concerns the entity’s substantive focus. Subject matter matters. It matters in at least three ways. First, is Taiwan an important player in the regulated field such that it can claim that it serves the global interest to allow the ROC to participate in the regime in question? The answer clearly is yes for the WTO, given Taiwan’s stature in international trade. The answer would seem to be a strong yes for the WHA and WHO, especially after SARS and amid recurring fears of pandemics starting in the Chinese mainland and spreading via Taiwan. And affirmative answers would seem at least defensible for international organs that regulate financial institutions and other economic behavior, shipping, fishing, civil aviation, nuclear energy, potential dual-use technology—all areas in which Taiwan is a significant actor whose actions have substantial international consequences.

Second, is the regulated field particularly important to Taiwan? This is a fairness argument: Where Taiwan is being hurt by being excluded for no reason beyond Beijing’s political opposition, this can be attacked as fundamentally unjust. The rest of the world may be hurt as well, but, from this perspective, what matters is the unwarranted harm or risk to Taiwan in an area that really matters for Taiwan. SARS / public health, international trade and international regimes for cooperation on criminal law matters are areas where the answer to this second question is yes and where Taiwan authorities have so argued.

Third, has China wrong-footed it in seeking to exclude Taiwan, given the nature of the substantive issue and the character of China’s response? In other words, has China misplayed this situation in a way that has created sympathy for Taiwan and Taiwan’s position? This is, as events played out, very much the story with SARS and Taiwan’s pursuit of engagement with the WHA / WHO. It may turn out to be part of the story with human rights and Taiwan’s Beijing-enforced exclusion from participation in the relevant U.N. organs—especially if we juxtapose Liu Xiaobo's Nobel Prize and Beijing's reaction with Taiwan's strong human rights record and recent ratification of the long-ago-signed U.N. human rights covenants.

These developments concerning human rights also illustrate one further strategy available to Taiwan to pursue greater engagement with international organizations, including especially those of the difficult-to-reach U.N. system. Taiwan can, and sometimes does, pursue not membership, and not participation, but what I call “as-if participation.” Taiwan commits unilaterally but publicly and solemnly to acting as if it is (or as if it were) a member of an international organization or regime, pledging to live up to all relevant standards.

A high level of functional performance of the obligations that go with membership can strengthen Taiwan’s case for greater access to institutions and regimes from which it has been excluded. But much of the point of “as if” participation is about the question of Taiwan’s international status—the issue with which this discussion began: the more Taiwan can walk and talk and act like a member of a regime that is open primarily or exclusively to states, the more hope it has of securing the benefits of state (or nearly state-like) status in the international system.
Several things to take away here -- our democracy is a crucial selling point of the island's participation in international organizations, as is our importance as a trading state. Taiwan's foreign policy is right here in this sentence:
the more Taiwan can walk and talk and act like a member of a regime that is open primarily or exclusively to states, the more hope it has of securing the benefits of state (or nearly state-like) status in the international system.
The next president of Taiwan needs to be working on that, not on circumscribing our independent foreign policy like the current president.
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Daily Links:
  • Massive corruption scandal in customs exposed. This kind of thing has been going on for years.....
  • Blumenthal and Mazza argue for larger US defense budget for Asia. Actually we could reduce the defense budget but increase resources to Asia merely by stopping our stupid wars in the Middle East and focusing on what's really important: Asia. Fighting for oil is making the same error that the UK did when it traded the sugar islands for North America in the 18th century. 
  • The Diplomat with an excellent piece on China's local government debt
  • Hahahaha. KMT election ad numbers among the Ma Administration's accomplishments the Voucher program. Hahahaha.
  • Excellent Taipei Times piece on the way the KMT killed and imprisoned among its own people. This little holocaust has largely gone unnoticed as a vast impenetrable silence encysts it. Hopefully more people will speak out on this sad chapter in Taiwan's history.
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Don't miss the comments below! And check out my blog and its sidebars for events, links to previous posts and picture posts, and scores of links to other Taiwan blogs and forums! Delenda est, baby.

Tuesday, July 05, 2011

L'Affaire Lee Teng-hui Round Up: KMT responds and Other Stuff

As everyone knows, former President, Vice President, Taipei Mayor, and award-winning ag econ scholar Lee Teng-hui, a tower of recent Taiwan history, was indicted last Thursday for abuse of special funds. This resulted in a stream of accusations from the pro-Taiwan side that the move was the result of the KMT's desire to interfere in the elections, tarnish the legacy of Lee Teng-hui, paint all Taiwanese politicians as corrupt, and attack DPP Presidential candidate Tsai Ing-wen. The Prosecutor's office responded to the charges (KMT news network):
In response to the Taiwan Solidarity Union (TSU)’s accusation that he had followed instructions from Mainland authorities, Prosecutor General Huang Shih-ming refuted the TSU’s groundless accusation with a rare public response. Huang said that Chen Shui-bian admitted that it was he who had squelched the investigation into the case during his 8-year rule, and even provocatively accused the SIU of “daring to indict him, but not Lee.” Huang said that the SIU now merely allowing the case to “see the light” after it had been squelched by Chen, and argued that the SIU would be deaf and dumb to ignore Chen’s accusations that the SIU did not have the guts to deal with Lee’s case.

Huang Shih-ming stated that politicians should do some soul-searching as to whether or not they had done anything illegal, and should not insist on their innocence by accusing the justice system of political persecution after their indictment. He explained, “The period of election campaigns is not a protective umbrella for politicians. The investigation into the national security confidential fund case had been delayed for 8 years, or are we willing to wait for the statute of limitations in the case to expire, just like the case in which airman Chiang Kuo-ching had been wrongfully indicted and executed for the rape and murder of a 5-year-old girl in 1997?”

Huang Shih-ming said that the SIU was currently investigating other cases involving Lee Teng-hui, adding that the principle for the SIU’s investigation was that if there was no concrete criminal evidence, the SIU would clear Lee’s name as soon as possible, otherwise, he would be indicted accordingly.

Asked about the public’s suspicion that the timing was inappropriate, Huang asked that since Taiwan had an election each year, did that mean that the SIU could not indict any politicians at all?
Notes:
  • The claim that Chen Shui-bian squashed the case against Lee Teng-hui is contradicted by the internal evidence of Huang in this passage, who also said that Chen accused the SIU of lacking the guts to pursue the case -- meaning that Huang is claiming that Chen accused the SIU of being too chicken to go after Lee when he himself was preventing them from going after Lee. Right.
  • Huang says that the SIU is merely letting the case come to light after Chen had squelched it (the additional political hack on Chen should be obvious). Ma Ying-jeou was inaugurated in May of 2008. Three years have passed. Where has this case been? 
  • Following the pattern in the Chen Shui-bian case, Huang alludes to more charges to come. In the Chen Shui-bian case, charges were piled on, apparently to enhance the appearance of corruption. 
  • Lee is accused of embezzling state affairs funds, the same charge Chen was found innocent of. 
  • Recall that Ma was found "innocent" of embezzling the analogical slush fund for his time as mayor. There was no dispute that Ma downloaded the funds into his private accounts, but this was found to be ok. The DPP and KMT recently agreed to retroactively legalize private use of the special funds that ranking bureaucrats receive, effectively eliminating this threat to all officials but the President, who was specifically exempted from the legislation so that Chen Shui-bian could still be attacked. Essentially Lee is being indicted for doing what Ma Ying-jeou was found innocent of and all other politicians of lower rank have been exempted from.
  • The TSU's bizarre accusation that Huang is a puppet of Beijing may be inspired by the fact that he just got back from an official trip to China. 
  • I have heard that Lee was going to speak at a TSU fundraiser on Friday and announce his support for Tsai. I haven't found any public confirmation of this.
Also indicted with Lee was Liu Tai-ying, who once controlled the KMT assets under Lee. Numerous other politicians are connected to the case -- Jason Hu, the current mayor of Taichung, was Minister of Foreign Affairs during that period, was questioned about it. Liu, eventually jailed on an unrelated charge, also implicated James Soong, originally. The charge was that Liu had used his control over the KMT's business affairs to direct loans and  investments to firms in trouble, and then accepted kickbacks for doing so. China Post has a Who's Who in the case list. And see also this. AP's report on the Lee indictment.

This Lee indictment will not sit well with most groups, but it will make the Deep Blue KMTers who hate Lee passionately quite happy.

Note that the money had to pass through the National Security Bureau. The NSB's chief accountant, General Hsu Ping-chiang was charged in 2003 in connection with these funds and cleared for lack of evidence in 2004. Lee's lawyer claims the SIU prosecutor's office has no new evidence. Hsu was one of a gaggle of retired intelligence officers who visited China earlier this year.

The Taipei Times reported on claims by DPPer Ellen Huang that point out how the KMT is going to try to smear Tsai Ing-wen with this case:
Huang said that Chinese Nationalist Party (KMT) Legislator Chiu Yi (邱毅) recently said the charge against Lee would point to Tsai’s involvement in an “816 project” under the secret diplomacy funds from which Lee allegedly embezzled. The 816 project was part of the Mingteh Project (明德專案) focusing on secret diplomacy with the US and Japan. Chiu alleged that Tsai received NT$2.62 million (US$91,147) from the 816 project and passed the money to Yang Chih-heng (楊志恆), who Chiu said was involved in the money-laundering charge against Lee.
Wonderful. The Taipei District Prosecutor's Office, you may recall, is where the prosecutors, including one involved in the Chen case, held that disgusting skit portraying Chen Shui-bian as an AIDS victim, Remember when 8 prosecutors stood and said they would pursue Chen to the bitter end? No bias in this office, no sirree.

Remember when the judge in the Chen case was switched when he ruled in Chen Shui-bian's favor? But there's no bias in the prosecutors, and the judiciary is independent.

I'll leave you with Jerome Cohen's thought on the Chen case, but I suspect it will soon become applicable in the Lee (Tsai-by-proxy) case:
Jerome Cohen, in one of his recent letters, noted that in Chinese jurisprudence the issue is not the legitimacy of the legal process but the guilt or innocence of the accused. The "trial by media" that Chen is undergoing is effective because it appeals to this cultural preference.
Whatever happens, this can only further polarize Taiwan's divided electorate. It presages an ugly, brutal campaign season.
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Monday, July 04, 2011

The Glorious Northern Cross

School's out. Time for a ride over the Northern Cross Island Highway (Map). I hadn't been on this route since 2009, and had been itching to ride it. The second day of this ride, from Baling to I-lan, is one of my favorite routes on the island.

Friday, July 01, 2011

Friday short shorts

Plenty of other news going on even as former President Lee is indicted. The China Media Bulletin of Freedom House says:
*Taiwan telecom renews Falun Gong–linked TV station contract


On June 27, Taiwan's Chunghwa Telecom (CHT), a partly government-owned telecommunications company, and New Tang Dynasty Television (NTDTV), whose staff are mostly Falun Gong practitioners, officially renewed their contract, allowing NTDTV to use CHT's new satellite after the existing contract expires in August. The agreement enables the station to continue broadcasting uncensored news, including reports of human rights abuses and citizen activism, to Taiwan as well as major cities in mainland China. CHT had initially announced in April that it would not renew the contract, citing technical obstacles, but critics speculated that the company was aiming to please Beijing, as it had joint ventures with Chinese state-owned companies. During its negotiations, NTDTV received international support from both Republican and Democratic members of the U.S. Congress, and from the Paris-based media rights group Reporters Without Borders. The station's chief executive in Taiwan thanked the island's ruling and opposition parties for their assistance, while a Taipei Times editorial hailed the development as a victory for press freedom.


* Taipei Times 6/28/2011: A small victory for freedom
* NTDTV 6/29/2011: NTD AP and Chunghwa Renew Satellite Broadcast Contract
This week the DPP also released its list of At-Large candidates. The list represents a compromise between the party's internal factions, the need for gender balance, and other issues.
Party officials said that the three were strategically placed just outside the “safe” zone is an attempt to mobilize their supporters, who maintain bases of support in New Taipei City (新北市) and Greater Kaohsiung, where Hsieh was the former mayor.

“All three were willing to place themselves at the fringes of the safe list in order to boost our share of the vote. Everyone in the DPP has confidence that our share of the party list will exceed half [of the allocated seats],” DPP Secretary-General Su Jia-chyuan (蘇嘉全) said when announcing the roster. “It shows we have ambition.”

Among the 34 candidates on the legislator-at-large roster, half of the spots were allocated to women, who received odd numbers, while all men were even numbered.

The DPP’s nominations inside the “safe” zone are divided into two broad groups: seasoned politicians, such as DPP caucus whip Ker Chien-ming (柯建銘), who has the No. 2 spot, and factional representatives; and community representatives, such as environmental and labor activists.
Taiwan also upgraded its locally made IDF fighter, upgrading computer systems and giving the aircraft greater fighting power. The new upgrades may give critics in Washington further ammunition to delay the delivery of new F-16s.

Also, David Reid, longtime blogger at David on Formosa, activist, friend and Taiwan supporter, is leaving our fair island to return to Australia later this summer. Good luck in all you do, David.
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Thursday, June 30, 2011

BREAKING: Prosecutors Go After Lee Teng-hui =UPDATED=

PLEA: All you academics on email lists discussing this -- it's time to stop discussing. The next open letter that comes around needs to have YOUR signature on it.

Back to the news...

Prosecutors announce that they will attempt to take out Lee Teng-hui for the crime of shepherding in Taiwan's democracy embezzling state funds.....AP reports
Former President Lee Teng-hui, one of the towering figures of modern Taiwanese politics, was indicted Thursday on charges of embezzling from a state fund, becoming the island's second ex-leader to run afoul of the judiciary.

Prosecutor Chen Hong-ta said Lee and top aide Liu Tai-ying had been charged with embezzling $7.79 million from a secret diplomatic fund.

In a statement, prosecutors said Lee embezzled the money from a National Security Bureau fund to set up a think tank meant to serve his private office after he left political life.

"Lee Teng-hui pocketed $7.79 million for his own personal use through money-laundering," the statement said. "In order to set up the Taiwan Research Institute, he consulted with his advisers and decided to get the money from a National Security Bureau project fund."

Prosecutors began looking into the case after Lee stepped down in 2000, and three years later charged the NSB's chief accountant with corruption. Those charges were eventually dropped for lack of evidence.

Lee has repeatedly denied embezzling any NSB funds. His office had no immediate comment Thursday but said his lawyers would hold a news conference later in the day.
The strategy once again gives every appearance of being to smear the DPP's leaders with corruption charges to tarnish their legacy and reduce their influence. Smart. This will also enable a steady flow of negative news about the pro-democracy side during the upcoming election period. Lee must know where a lot of skeletons are in KMT closets, though.

Anyone remember the case of the missing documents?

Question on a listserv when this was posted: Who's next?

Whatever happens, this is likely to further exacerbate the split between the pro-China and pro-Taiwan sides in Taiwan politics and presages a brutal, bitter election season.

ADDED: A friend reminds that Tsai Ing-wen served on the National Security Council under Lee. She is likely the target by-proxy here. This will be accompanied by the usual nonsense accusations from the attack dogs of the other party.

ADDED: Another smart friend posits that the idea is to smear Tsai with dirty money allegations -- saying she was in on the establishment of the think tank that Lee allegedly embezzled the money for. This will harm her with people who like her clean image and reinforce the view that the KMT and DPP are the same anyway.

ADDED: Another friend points out that this may well be an attempt to rally the base.

LINKS: FocusTaiwan has some details of alleged money flows, etc.  BBC's report. WSJ's report is the best of the bunch by far.

MEDIA NOTE: AP writes:
Chen Shui-bian, who ended the Nationalists' 50-year monopoly on power when he succeeded Lee, is currently serving a 17-year jail term after being convicted on wide-ranging corruption charges.
Chen was not "convicted on wide-ranging corruption charges. He was cleared of embezzling state special funds (prosecutors lost that in court and then again twice on appeal) and so far has been convicted only of accepting bribes from the Koo clan -- a longtime KMT-connected family -- and in the Diana Chen case. Wouldn't it have been great if we lived in the alternate universe where AP reported that Chen had already been found innocent of the charges Lee is under indictment for? Instead we get served the formula "Ma the tension reducer and Chen the China provoker." Sad.

Note that the AP report does not locate the Lee indictment in the larger context of several other suspicious indictments of major opposition figures, actions that provoked international protest -- wouldn't it have been better to put that there instead of tired formulas about Ma and Chen? -- nor did it point out that the indictment comes as election looms -- the political context is entirely lacking.

Thanks for leaving out all that stuff, AP. When you do that, you force people to go read blogs to find out what's really going on.

ADDED: Some good comments below
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Sad Destruction of the East Coast Continues

How small is an ant?
What is this ant doing with those tiny bugs? Are they aphids? Ant larva?

A Taipei Times commentary reports on yet another developer/local government nexus that is wrecking the environment, this one on the east coast:
Taiwan’s east coast has been subjected to a string of development projects that exploit the land and disregard environmental justice. Now, as the nation gets caught up in a rush to develop tourism, one more construction plan has been added to this sad list. On May 30, a meeting was called in Sansiantai Borough (三仙台) in Taitung County’s Chenggong Township (成功), at which local residents were told that an environmental impact assessment for a building project in the area had been completed and that construction work would start after one week. Stunned by the sudden announcement, local residents demanded that the departments responsible for the project hold a second public meeting to better explain what impact the project would have. However, the departments in charge said that there was no reason to hold another meeting and that they were not duty-bound to do so because the required procedures had already been completed.

Serious problems are evident in several aspects of this case.

The project development site is located in the famous Sansiantai scenic area. Although the area is well-known, most people are probably not aware that the east coast’s last remaining intact coral reef is just nearby. This is the most beautiful diving spot on the east coast and it is an important haven for marine resources that are shared by Aborigines and fishermen. Studies by the Eastern Marine Biology Research Center of the Fisheries Research Institute and by members of Academia Sinica show that this small stretch of sea is home to 2.5 percent of the nation’s fish fry and fingerlings. They recommended that it be designated a marine conservation area. Unfortunately, the coral reef has already been degraded by mud and sand washed down from building sites on adjacent land and by overfishing. There is good reason to worry that the 12 hectare resort development project, in the course of its construction and future operation, will cause more damage to the coral reef and that the reef will be completely ruined.
Such projects are totally common throughout Taiwan. And things are only going to get worse, as the commentary notes:
Articles 10 to 12 of the version of the law favored by the Chinese Nationalist Party (KMT), which are to do with how land can be used, would give local governments the sole power to change the classification of usage for land and exempt them from the restrictions imposed by existing laws on land use. The proposed articles would also greatly reduce the time required for reviewing applications to change land-use designations to a maximum of one year. If these articles are approved, local residents, who are generally disadvantaged in their access to information, will be made even more vulnerable to procedural injustice than they already are.
Plans to wreck the east coast with "sustainable development" have been in the works since forever. Recently, with the advent of tourism from China, these plans have accelerated, becoming even bigge and more venal. See this post for more on the loosening of regulations. This week also revealed another nifty trick for getting around regulations -- call your land grab "a university expansion" and get the county government to carry it out.

Another project currently planned is to connect the ends of Route 26 through unspoiled terrain on Taiwan's east coast and thus complete the round the island road network the Ministry of Transport and Communications has dreamed of for years. Wild at Heart has more information.
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Wednesday, June 29, 2011

Chinese Free Independent Tourists Arrive

Independent tourism from China has begun here in Taiwan. This will be good for everyone. Unlike tour groups, which are detestable, I am looking forward to meeting independent Chinese tourists in Taiwan. Let's let the Kuomintang News Network have the call:
Lin Yuling, an individual Mainland tourist from Shanghai, said she was impressed with how courteous everyone in Taipei was, noting that compared with Shanghai, everyone here followed the rules. Lin explained that when she had studied in the US, she had hung out with Taiwanese classmates, so she got together with them last night at the Shida night market.

Zuo Liping, another tourist and the president of a lottery investment company in Beijing, visited the National Palace Museum yesterday afternoon and then enjoyed a Taiwanese feast at the Sheraton Hotel in Taipei. Yan Ying, another tourist from Beijing, had lunch in Hsinchu and enjoyed fried rice noodles and meatball soup (gongwantang) because of their fantastic reputation on the Internet. "The food all deserved its great reputation," Yan Ying added.  

Most individual Mainland tourists planned to visit places such as Sun Moon Lake, Taipei 101, the National Palace Museum, and local night markets. Moreover, two female managers, from Shanghai and Xiamen, underwent high-tech medical check-up at Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital after they arrived in Taiwan. They both stated that they were very impressed with Taiwan's medical services, adding that they would certainly visit Taiwan again.

Ye Suzhi and Ye Suzhen, two sisters, arrived in Taichung yesterday and stated in broken voices that they were in fact originally from Taiwan. However, the two sisters went on to say that after they had gone with their parents to visit their grandparents in Xiamen, Fujian Province, in 1949, they were unable to return to Taiwan because of the Chinese Civil War and had stayed in Xiamen for 62 years. The two sisters sighed, saying that the geographic distance between Xiamen and Taiwan was so short, but it had taken them "62 years to return home."
Basically, the tourists are there to help China advance its goal of annexing Taiwan, and for the KMT to show that its engagement with China is a success. The deal between Taipei and Beijing allows 500 individual travelers to enter Taiwan per day.
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